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文件上传在系统中用的很频繁,所以我们需要将上传的文件进行存储,传统的将文件上传到本机已不适用分布式系统。自己搭建文件服务器有复杂性和维护成本。所以我们可以采用市面上成熟的文件存储服务,如阿里云的OSS对象存储服务。
每个 OSS 的用户都会用到上传服务。Web 端常见的上传方法是用户在浏览器或 APP 端上传文件到应用服务器,应用服务器再把文件上传到 OSS。具体流程如下图所示。
和数据直传到 OSS 相比,以上方法有三个缺点:采用JavaScript客户端直接签名时,AccessKeyID和AcessKeySecret会暴露在前端页面,因此存在严重的安全隐患。因此,OSS提供了服务端签名后直传的方案。
在Maven项目中加入依赖项
https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/32009.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.769.2c5145dc4TUgTacom.aliyun.oss aliyun-sdk-oss 3.8.0
@Testvoid testUploadByOss() throws FileNotFoundException { // Endpoint以杭州为例,其它Region请按实际情况填写。 String endpoint = "http://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com"; // 阿里云主账号AccessKey拥有所有API的访问权限,风险很高。强烈建议您创建并使用RAM账号进行API访问或日常运维,请登录 https://ram.console.aliyun.com 创建RAM账号。 String accessKeyId = "LTAI4G3KxBJ26EUbWsenmqhP"; String accessKeySecret = "RHtADVlvlKJvVBQnFNNvnne9p4NwnA"; String bucketName = "passjava"; //上传文件到OSS时需要指定包含文件后缀在内的完整路径,例如abc/efg/123.jpg。 String localFile = "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Pictures\\coding_java.png"; String fileKeyName = "coding_java.png"; // 创建OSSClient实例。 OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret); InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(localFile); ossClient.putObject(bucketName, fileKeyName, inputStream); // 关闭OSSClient。 ossClient.shutdown();}
com.alibaba.cloud spring-cloud-starter-alicloud-oss
spring: cloud: alicloud: access-key: xxxx secret-key: xxxx oss: endpoint: oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
@AutowiredOSSClient ossClient;@Testvoid testUploadByAlicloudOss() throws FileNotFoundException { String bucketName = "passjava"; String localFile = "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Pictures\\coding_java.png"; String fileKeyName = "coding_java.png"; InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(localFile); ossClient.putObject(bucketName, fileKeyName, inputStream); ossClient.shutdown();}
com.jackson0714.passjava passjava-common 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT com.baomidou mybatis-plus-boot-starter
spring: cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848 application: name: passjava-thirdpartyserver: port: 14000
spring.application.name=passjava-thirdpartyspring.cloud.nacos.config.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848spring.cloud.nacos.config.namespace=passjava-thirdpartyspring.cloud.nacos.config.extension-configs[0].data-id=oss.ymlspring.cloud.nacos.config.extension-configs[0].group=DEFAULT_GROUPspring.cloud.nacos.config.extension-configs[0].refresh=true
spring: cloud: alicloud: access-key: LTAI4G3KxBJ26EUbWsenmqhP secret-key: RHtADVlvlKJvVBQnFNNvnne9p4NwnA oss: endpoint: oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class PassjavaThirdpartyApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PassjavaThirdpartyApplication.class, args); }}
@RestController@RequestMapping("/thirdparty/v1/admin/oss")public class OssController { @Autowired OSS ossClient; @Value("${spring.cloud.alicloud.access-key}") private String accessId; @Value("${spring.cloud.alicloud.secret-key}") private String accessKey; @Value("${spring.cloud.alicloud.oss.endpoint}") private String endpoint; @Value("${spring.cloud.alicloud.oss.bucket}") private String bucket; @RequestMapping("/getPolicy") public MapgetPolicy() { String host = "https://" + bucket + "." + endpoint; // host的格式为 bucketname.endpoint // callbackUrl为 上传回调服务器的URL,请将下面的IP和Port配置为您自己的真实信息。 // String callbackUrl = "http://88.88.88.88:8888"; String formatDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").format(new Date()); String dir = formatDate + "/"; // 用户上传文件时指定的前缀。 Map respMap = new LinkedHashMap (); try { long expireTime = 30; long expireEndTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + expireTime * 1000; Date expiration = new Date(expireEndTime); PolicyConditions policyConds = new PolicyConditions(); policyConds.addConditionItem(PolicyConditions.COND_CONTENT_LENGTH_RANGE, 0, 1048576000); policyConds.addConditionItem(MatchMode.StartWith, PolicyConditions.COND_KEY, dir); String postPolicy = ossClient.generatePostPolicy(expiration, policyConds); byte[] binaryData = postPolicy.getBytes("utf-8"); String encodedPolicy = BinaryUtil.toBase64String(binaryData); String postSignature = ossClient.calculatePostSignature(postPolicy); respMap.put("accessid", accessId); respMap.put("policy", encodedPolicy); respMap.put("signature", postSignature); respMap.put("dir", dir); respMap.put("host", host); respMap.put("expire", String.valueOf(expireEndTime / 1000)); } catch (Exception e) { // Assert.fail(e.getMessage()); System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } finally { ossClient.shutdown(); } return respMap; }}
测试接口
http://localhost:14000/api/thirdparty/v1/admin/oss/getPolicy { "accessid": "LTAI4G3KxBJ26EUbWsenmqhP", "policy": "eyJleHBpcmF0aW9uIjoiMjAyMC0wNC0yOFQwMjozMzowNy42NzNaIiwiY29uZGl0aW9ucyI6W1siY29udGVudC1sZW5ndGgtcmFuZ2UiLDAsMTA0ODU3NjAwMF0sWyJzdGFydHMtd2l0aCIsIiRrZXkiLCIyMDIwLTA0LTI4LyJdXX0=", "signature": "pfn4cggFTMMNqTs+qUnDN5c+k5M=", "dir": "2020-04-28/", "host": "https://passjava.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com", "expire": "1588041187"}
因为前端页面配置的统一访问路径是http://localhost:8060/api/,所以需要将访问thirdparty的服务通过网关路由到thirdparty服务
将请求http://localhost:8060/api/thirdparty/v1/admin/oss/getPolicy转发到http://localhost:14000/api/thirdparty/v1/admin/oss/getPolicy
配置网关:
spring: cloud: gateway: routes: - id: route_thirdparty # 题目微服务路由规则 uri: lb://passjava-thirdparty # 负载均衡,将请求转发到注册中心注册的assjava-thirdparty服务 predicates: # 断言 - Path=/api/thirdparty/** # 如果前端请求路径包含 api/thirdparty,则应用这条路由规则 filters: #过滤器 - RewritePath=/api/(?.*),/$\{segment} # 将跳转路径中包含的api替换成空
测试可以上传成功
配置跨域访问,所有post请求都可以跨域访问
singleUpload.vue点击上传 只能上传jpg/png文件,且不超过10MB
import http from '@/utils/httpRequest.js'export function policy () { return new Promise((resolve) => { http({ url: http.adornUrl('/thirdparty/v1/admin/oss/getPolicy'), method: 'get', params: http.adornParams({}) }).then(({ data }) => { resolve(data) }) })}
使用上传图片组件上传文件成功
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